News (10179 articles)

Study may aid in development of improved therapies for glioblastoma. Grand Rapids, Mich. (February 6, 2012) –  A recent discovery by Van Andel Research Institute (VARI) scientists enables the prediction of patient sensitivity to proposed drug therapies for glioblastoma –...

Published on 6 February 2012, 14:13

Categories: EFGR Epidermal growth factor receptor Glioblastomas Hepatocyte growth factor HGF MET MET oncogene

For patients with incurable pulmonary conditions, a lung transplantation is the only available treatment option. However, suitable donor organs are scarce, and even getting them to prospective recipients is not easy. As Professor Alexander Dietrich of the Walther Straub Institute of...

Published on 3 February 2012, 05:49

Categories: Calcium channels Ischemia-reperfusion damage Ischemia-reperfusion injury Lung function Lung transplantation Lungs NADPH oxidase 2 Nox2 TRPC6

A new cornea may be the only way to prevent a patient going blind – but there is a shortage of donated corneas and the queue for transplantation is long. Scientists at the Sahlgrenska Academy have for the first time successfully cultivated stem cells on human corneas, which may in the long...

Published on 2 February 2012, 05:22

Categories: Cornea Corneal transplantation Epithelial cells Human embryonic stem cells Ophthalmology Stem Cells

LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Using models similar to those used in weapons research, scientists may soon know more about exoplanets, those objects beyond the realm of our solar system. In a new study, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory scientists and collaborators came up with new methods for...

Published on 1 February 2012, 12:14

Categories: Astronomy EOS Equation of state Exoplanets Planetary interiors

Scientists have for the first time measured how fast large-scale evolution can occur in mammals, showing it takes 24 million generations for a mouse-sized animal to evolve to the size of an elephant.Research published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (PNAS)...

Published on 1 February 2012, 12:05

Categories: Evolutionary Biology Mammals Mammals evolution Palaeontology

Genome Institute of Singapore’s (GIS) Associate Director of Genomic Technologies, Dr Yijun RUAN, led a continuing study on the human genome spatial/structural configuration, revealing how genes interact/communicate and influence each other, even when they are located far away from...

Published on 1 February 2012, 07:01

Categories: 3D Mapping ChIA-PET Chromatin DNA mapping technology Genes Human Genome

Phase III results showed 54% reduction in risk of recurrence and 55% reduction in risk of death after three years' adjuvant Glivec in adults with KIT+ GIST[1] Approval builds on vast experience with Glivec, first approved 10 years ago for treatment of adults with...

Published on 1 February 2012, 03:50

Categories: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors GIST Gleevec Glivec Imatinib Imatinib mesylate KIT positive gastrointestinal stromal tumors KIT+ GIST

Testosterone makes us overvalue our own opinions at the expense of cooperation, research from the Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at UCL (University College London) has found. The findings may have implications for how group decisions are affected by dominant individuals. Problem...

Published on 1 February 2012, 03:24

Categories: Cooperation Egocentrism Group decisions Human collaboration Neuroimaging Opinions Problem solving Self-orientated behaviour Testosterone

ANN ARBOR, Mich.—Using a liquid laser, University of Michigan researchers have developed a better way to detect the slight genetic mutations that might predispose a person to a particular type of cancer or other diseases.Their results are published in the current edition of the German...

Published on 31 January 2012, 13:40

Categories: Cancer DNA Genes Lasers Liquid lasers Optofluidic Lasers

Crizotinib treatment may be able to control another subset of deadly lung tumors.A report from investigators at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center has defined the role of a recently identified gene abnormality in a deadly form of lung cancer.  Tumors driven by...

Published on 31 January 2012, 13:25

Categories: ALK EGFR KRAS Lung Cancer Non-small-cell lung cancers NSCLC ROS1

Researchers at the University of Southampton, University of Oxford and Retroscreeen Virology Ltd have discovered a series of peptides, found on the internal structures of influenza viruses that could lead to the development of a universal vaccine for influenza, one that gives people immunity...

Published on 31 January 2012, 07:08

Categories: CD4+ T cells Immunity Influenza Influenza viruses Peptides T cells

Glioblastomas are regarded as particularly aggressive brain tumors. In children with glioblastoma, Heidelberg scientists have now discovered genetic alterations that affect the function of DNA packaging proteins known as histones. In a cell, histones serve as coils around which the DNA wraps....

Published on 30 January 2012, 15:47

Categories: ATRX-DAXX Brain tumors Epigenetic therapy Genetics Glioblastomas Histone H3 Histone H3.3 Histones

A new family of proteins which regulate the human body’s ‘hypoxic response’ to low levels of oxygen has been discovered by scientists at Barts Cancer Institute at Queen Mary, University of London and The University of Nottingham.The discovery has been published in the international journal...

Published on 30 January 2012, 07:15

Categories: Proteins EPO Hypoxic regulator proteins LIM domain containing proteins PHD2 VHL Hypoxia-inducible factors HIF1 LIMD1 Prolyl hydroxylases Oxygen Hypoxic response

A drug used to treat multiple sclerosis may also be effective at preventing and reversing the leading cause of heart attack, a new study has found.Scientists found that Gilenya, a drug recently approved in the US for treating MS, was effective at reversing the symptoms of ventricular...

Published on 30 January 2012, 07:08

Categories: MS drugs Heart attack Gilenya Ventricular hypertrophy Arrhythmia Pak1 Cardiac disorders

A new perspective on the nanoworld: free-electron laser elicits extremely short and brilliant X-ray pulses from neon gasJanuary 30, 2012-- In future, scientists should be able to observe more closely how plants generate sugar from the energy in sunlight or how electricity is generated from...

Published on 30 January 2012, 07:02

Categories: Atomic X-Ray Laser X-ray free electron laser X-Ray Laser Neon atoms Free-electron lasers

People who carry rare genetic mutations in the receptor for melatonin have a much higher risk of type 2 diabetes, according a study published in Nature Genetics.A study published in Nature Genetics has found new evidence for a link between the body clock hormone melatonin and type 2 diabetes....

Published on 30 January 2012, 06:57

Categories: Body clock Hormones Melatonin Type 2 diabetes Body clock receptors Diabetes MT2 MTNR1B

Researchers shed light on the mystery surrounding energy-rich molecules in interstellar clouds.Surprisingly, hydrogen cyanide and its far more energetic isomer, hydrogen isocyanide, are present in almost equal amounts in cold interstellar gas clouds. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for...

Published on 30 January 2012, 05:02

Categories: Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen isocyanide Interstellar clouds HCN HCNH+ DCND+ Physics

St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital – Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project provides first evidence linking cancer to mutations in genes involved in DNA organization.Memphis, Tennessee –Researchers studying a rare, lethal childhood tumor of the brainstem discovered that...

Published on 30 January 2012, 04:44

Categories: Childhood brain tumors Brain tumors Genes Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma DIPG Histones Histone H3 proteins HIST1H3B Neurobiology H3F3A Histone H3

The future of human kind faces dire consequences due to arguably the first signs of dangerous climate change in the Arctic, say leading international scientists from The University of Western Australia.They say the Arctic region is fast approaching a series of imminent "tipping points" that...

Published on 30 January 2012, 04:23

Categories: Climate Change Arctic Sea Ice Arctic ice Atmospheric Science Global Change

Genetics has provided surprising insights into why vaccines used in both the UK and the USA to combat serious childhood infections can eventually fail. The study, published in ‘Nature Genetics’, which investigates how bacteria change their disguise to evade the vaccines, has implications...

Published on 30 January 2012, 04:14

Categories: Genetics Childhood infections Pneumococcus Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia Meningitis Pneumococcal genome sequencing Genome sequencing